Essay on Shirley Jacksons The Lottery - Evils of Society Exposed

The Evils of Society Exposed in The Lotteryâ â In Shirley Jackson’s The Lottery, what gives off an impression of being a customary day in an unassuming community takes an underhanded turn when a lady is battered to the point of death in the wake of winning the town lottery. The lottery in this story mirrors an old custom of yielding a substitute so as to energize the development of harvests. In any case, this story isn't about the past, for through the activities of the town, Jackson shows us huge numbers of the social ills that exist in our own lives. In today’s society we frequently have a very easygoing disposition toward mishap; Jackson gives us this part of human instinct through the town’s easygoing mentality toward the lottery. The men discuss downpour, tractors and charges and the ladies gossipâ€all the time realizing they are going to kill somebody or be maybe even be killed themselves (Jackson 863). What is generally essential to them is to hustle just a bit and finish so they can have lunch. Maybe the sentiment of being in a rush makes what they’re going to do simpler; they don’t have the opportunity to let it trouble them. How frequently in today’s society do we hear the expression, simply hustle just a bit and get it over with? The townspeople appear to have blended feelings about the lottery; they dread it yet on a brutal level they appreciate it. By standing ceaselessly from the heap of stones, and staying away from the black box, the townspeople show their dread of the lottery (Jackson 863). Nonetheless, when they discover who will be stoned, Tessie Hutchinson, they appear to really appreciate the stoning. One resident gets a stone so huge she can scarcely convey it; somebody even gives Tessie’s most youthful child a couple of rocks to toss at his mom. Their general mentality about the stoning is summarized by the expression and afterward they were... ...f their family (Jackson 867). In regular daily existence, we forces the equivalent egotistical disposition depicted in the story. What is one of a child’s most loved words? It’s mine! We continually state well it’s preferred you over me and it’s each man for himself. It’s quite frightening _when you really consider it, since you understand we truly are that narrow minded. The Lottery is representative of any number of social ills that humankind aimlessly executes (Friedman 108). The story is stunning, yet the truth of humanity is much all the more stunning. Isn’t it amusing that Jackson gives us a portrayal of our temperament, and not exclusively do we not remember it for what it is , however it stuns us. Works Cited Jackson, Shirley. The Lottery. The Harper Anthology of Fiction. Ed. Woody Barnet. New York: HarperCollins, 989. Friedman , Lenemgia. Shirley Jackson. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1975.  Â

What Is the Best Paper For Writing?

What Is the Best Paper For Writing?Finding the best paper for writing is a very important task that requires a lot of thought and consideration. It's really not as easy as it seems to find the right writing paper. If you are going to look at the options available, you have to pay attention to the different writing papers available. When you are choosing the paper for writing, keep in mind that the paper will be used not only for writing but also for some other things too.The first thing that you have to take into consideration is the paper that you want to use for writing. As most of us know, writing paper is a paper that you write on, it has to be smooth and look attractive so that others can see how good your handwriting is. Most people go for glossy paper for writing, which is a good choice because they look nice and look good. There are other kinds of papers available like felt-backed, plain paper and even acid-free paper that are good for writing.Also, when you go for the good p aper for writing, you should look for the paper that is easy to fold. As it is quite hard to fold the paper, this paper will be used in different things that require folding such as sandwich papers, post-its and even large folders. Hence, it's important that you choose the paper that is easy to fold so that you don't have to worry about it.To find the right paper for writing, it's a good idea to ask advice from others. Ask for the help of a friend or relative who has experience in using this paper for writing. Remember, most writing experts recommend writing on a high quality paper. Also, if you are not a good writer, you might be more comfortable with the lowest quality paper.One of the reasons why this paper is great for writing is that it is very lightweight and can be folded to make it easy to carry. It is also breathable and can absorb the ink. This means that this paper is very easy to clean and is very easy to use.Another reason why it is called the best paper for writing is because it is smooth. It is very smooth and has very little friction, which makes it comfortable to write on. You don't have to worry about the appearance of the paper because of the fact that there is little or no creasing. It will last long because it is easily washable and doesn't take much time to dry.Lastly, if you are thinking of writing on the paper and you are not confident of how you are going to do it, you can simply use a fine-tipped pen to get the right kind of edge for your paper. This way, you won't mess up your paper and it will look very professional and look neat and crisp as well.There are many other advantages that the paper for writing has and they can help you in many ways. However, this is one way of writing that will last you for a long time.

Book Riots Deals of the Day for September 15th, 2019

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Gender, Sexual Orientation And Education - 1746 Words

In today’s society, there are divides that impede the movement of progress. These divides may disperse around a number of issues that revolve around gender, religion, sexual orientation and education. These divides have created an un-opened minded society that judge people and groups based on the prejudices and stereotypes that treat them differently. In the aspect of identity discrimination, American society plays a big role in keeping those that are different isolated from the rest of the world. Today’s society suffers huge from a spectrum that focuses power on discrimination. In this spectrum, transgender individuals are perceived as people that are most damaging than lesbians, gay men, and bisexual people. Transgendered people are†¦show more content†¦Now one might say transgendered individuals get more special treatment than any other citizen, there are some cases that support one’s theory, and there’s the cases that support transgendered peo ple being dehumanized because of who they are. Discrimination in the workplace is one of the many places that transgendered individuals become a victim to a hate crime because of their sexual orientation. Many transgenders get terminated because of their gender identity or planned transition because ones not comfortable with their lifestyle or it’s a sin to change the gender one was born with. Becoming a terminated employee because of how one present themselves to others in the workplace is an issue that majority of society does not see anything wrong with, being fired should never be based on what one does outside of work but on the performance and the quality of the work that’s being done inside on the job. Society is saying gender identity is a medical condition, human beings that are citizens and is classifying themselves as transgender do not have any way of protecting themselves from any type of targeted violence towards their safety. There is no federal law that prohibits discrimination on any

The Harm of Animal Testing Essay - 1114 Words

Throughout history, animal testing has played an important role in leading to new discoveries and human benefit. However, what many people forget are the great numbers of animals that have suffered serious harm during the process of animal testing. Animal testing is the use of animals in biological, medical, and psychological studies. The development and enhancement of medical research has been based on the testing of animals. There are many questions being asked if animal research is good or not or if the benefit for us is way greater the abuse of animals. Doing tests on animals can help find ways to cure diseases, but testing on them is wrong. Although we want to find cures for diseases to help many people, testing on animals not only†¦show more content†¦Animal research been used to help to find cures for many diseases. Animals being used for testing was said to be a small sacrifice that could save everyone else in the world. Most of what we know about the brain and body is a direct result of animal testing. The fact that animals can be hurt from or die from the same disease as humans can, say that there needs to be treatment and medication for these types of diseases. Many people are believed to be ignorant or misunderstand the nature of the life’s that animals actually live, and are unable to understand the actual laboratory procedures and techniques. Activists feel that to this day, there should be no good reason why any living thing should be subjected to this cruel punishment and unwanted torture just for serving another being’s needs. A dog named Libby was a dog that had been tested on. She was only known as the number tattooed on her ear, she was sick with hookworms, tapeworms, and a vaginal infection, and her teeth were rotted she was looking for affection but she was to terrified to stand up. Libby was one of nearly 250 dogs and cats rescued last fall from animal testing Professional Laboratory and Research Services, Inc. after it shut down following a PETA investigation. Pharmaceutical companies paid the laboratory to infest dogs and cats with worms, fleas, and ticks andShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing : No Harm, Only Benefits1567 Words   |  7 PagesPerales April 5, 2016 Animal Tests: No Harm, Only Benefits As the years have passed the human race has come across and discovered many different diseases. Many of the diseases were lethal due to the fact that there was no cure to be found. But as years went on our technology began to â€Å"evolve†, we found cures for what many would think are incurable. The practice of using animals in biomedical research has led to significant advances in the treatment of various diseases. Animals would be injected withRead MoreAnimal Testing : No Harm, Only Benefits1710 Words   |  7 PagesPerales April 5, 2016 Animal Tests: No Harm, Only Benefits As the years have passed the human race has come across and discovered many different diseases. Many of the diseases were lethal due to the fact that there was no cure to be found. But as years went on our technology began to â€Å"evolve†, we found cures for what many would think are incurable. The practice of using animals in biomedical research has led to significant advances in the treatment of various diseases. Animals would be injected withRead MoreAnimal Testing Harms And Violates The Rights Of The Animal Itself1485 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal testing harms and violates the rights of the animal itself. Some people say it is okay because the animal does not know the difference between right from wrong. Animal testing creates a traumatizing experience for the animal. Their bodies become damaged from all the burning and allergic reactions they have to undergo from the chemicals. The animals do not know what is going on, nor do they know where they are because they have been taken out of their natural habitats. The change in environmentRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1581 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal testing is being used by different organizations all over the world to prevent specific diseases, especially cancer. Americans see animal testing having a harmful effect but it is one of the main reasons why society has most cures for some illnesses. This topic is important because people need to know what goes on during animal testing and why it is very beneficial. Animal testing needs to be used to find all cures. Some animals such as chimps/ monkeys have 90% of the same DNA humans haveRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Ethical?1328 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal testing has been an important type of research in various science fields for many years, because it has been able to replicate the results of the research to positively affect humans. It has provided many cures to diseases and many basic products that are mass produced such as lotio n, shampoo, sunscreen, etc. Adding on, animal testing is ethical since it follows many guidelines and restrictions made by numerous laws that protect animals from inhumane treatment. Although such testing can provideRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned1613 Words   |  7 PagesUnited States, over seventy million animals are hurt and killed due to scientific research. Many brands have taken the pledge to become cruelty free, but there are still multiple brands that are continuing to use animals to test their products. Animal testing should be banned because it is cruel, often ineffective, can not detect for many diseases that humans are exposed to, and can be unsafe due to the differences between animals and humans. Animal testing has been seen as cruel and inhumane forRead MoreShould Animals Be Used For Testing Purposes?966 Words   |  4 PagesShould Animals Be Used for Testing Purposes? Testing on animals has always been a controversy often debated. Millions of animals are tested on each year to aid in the research and development of commercial and scientific products. Animals get tested on to ensure the safety of human use or consumption in anything from beauty products to medicine. Testing has enabled life-saving advancements in medicine; however it is no longer necessary to harm animals in the process of saving humans. Animal testingRead MorePros And Cons Of Animal Testing1522 Words   |  7 Pagesworld, there has been an enduring controversial issue and that is animal testing and research. Since the beginning of medicine, animals were used in the testing of drugs, vaccines, and medical devices to determine the safety of a product due to their similarities in diseases with humans. However this is considered unnecessary due to the creation of alternatives for animal testing. Despite these alternatives the majority of animal testing still has not come to halt. Thi s issue deserves to be attentiveRead MoreIs Animal Testing Wrong or Right? Essay960 Words   |  4 Pagesall animal testing that is effective on animals are ineffective on humans (ASPCA). Despite this alarming statistic, scientists still use animals in these experiments. Scientist give the animals no choice in whether they or going to be used in an experiment. Animal testing is when scientist use products, vaccinations or other things they develop for humans and use on animals. Scientist use all types of animals, but the most common are rats, mice, birds, reptiles and amphibians (ASPCA). Animal testingRead MoreWhen Discussing Ethics, We Consider The Negative And Positive1360 Words   |  6 Pagesexample, most people agree on the immorality of forced human testing, but many do not see animal testing in the same light. The subject of animal testing requires not only examining the possible consequences on humans, but also whether or not we examine the possible consequences on animal s. I believe that, ultimately, whatever decision we make depends on whether or not the positive effects on humans outweigh the negative effects on both animals and humans, and also requires minimizing any and all negative

Fracking is considered one of the most controversial...

Fracking is considered one of the most controversial methods of obtaining Earth’s natural gases. It is also known as hydraulic fracturing, which is drilling and introducing fluid (mostly water) into the ground to get certain rocks to produce natural gases. Fracking could cause devastating effects to the environment. According to the article â€Å"Hydraulic Fracturing 101† on the web-site earthworks.com, fracking can not only use up a lot of water, but it can also contaminate groundwater. Two to ten million gallons of water can be used to fracture a single well. Also the water used to fracture has many additives, such as hydrochloric acid, that can prove deadly to those who come in contact with them. In â€Å"Hydraulic Fracturing 101† it stated that†¦show more content†¦After the fracturing process is over, GasFrac is able to recover one hundred percent of it’s fracturing components, un-like conventional fracturing which can leave up to 80% of ità ¢â‚¬â„¢s fracturing liquids in the ground, which causes pollution and extensive cleanup. Also it takes much less space to store LPG, which decreases the amount of trucks needed to transport it compared to conventional fracking. As you can see, there are more positive factors to LPG vs. conventional fracking liquids than being water-less. But how does water-less fracking work? GasFrac.com stats that the GasFrac system is completely closed, pressurized well, that doesn’t allow any exposure to the air around it. Due to this there is no vapor build-up, or air pollution. The injection process uses LPG combined in a mixer with sand, which stimulates the release of gas from the rocks in the ground below the GasFrac system. After the process is done, all the fracturing fluids, and natural gases are efficiently recovered, leaving less of a footprint in the environment and reducing cleanup. The process itself is also much more efficient than fracking with water, getting a greater uptake in less time. The system itself is controlled completely by computers. The personnel doesn’t even have to be near the GasFrac system while its fracking, which means greater workers safety. Monitors are constantly examining the work-site searching for any sort of gas build-up, or LPG release into the

Case Study Audit free essay sample

Furthermore, many competitors of Fast Go’s are larger and have greater financial resources, less average, and their coverage are more extensive. Furthermore, Fast Go also suffer high turnover of staff of the company. It is resulted from the high competition in the industry. Many staff left Fast Go and join bigger companies that offer better pay for them. Besides that, Fast Go also predicts that the market prices will be decline in the future, it just make them unable to attract more customer. And the important thing that cause the substantial doubt in order Fast Go to carry on the business is, the company has debt totaling RM 25 Million. The debt has financial covenants as well as material adverse change clause. Furthermore, Fast Go must maintain Debt Ratio to Total Assets not exceeding 35%. If Fast Go unable to comply with the agreement, they need to pay the loan in full. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study Audit or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page b) Assuming the events of conditions identified in (a) above cause the audit team to have substantial doubt about Fast Go ability to continue as a going concern, what is the next step the audit team needs to perform? The next step that the audit needs to perform are, the audit team must seek information about management’s plans to mitigate all the problem that Fast Go suffer for example the debt, the competition and etc. Besides, the audit team also must assess the likelihood that such plans can be successfully implemented. Furthermore, the audit team also must consider the Fast Go ability to continue or not. c) What types of audit procedures should be perform by the audit team? Types of audit procedures should be perform by the audit team are, the audit team should analyzing and discussing the Fast Go’s cash flow, profit and other relevant forecasts with the management. They should analyze the latest company’s financial statement. Besides, the audit team also must reviewing the terms of debentures and loan agreement with the bank to ensure that there is no breach of the contract between Fast Go and the bank. Furthermore, they also must enquire the entity’s lawyer regarding the existence of litigation and claims and reasonableness management assessments of their outcomes and the estimate of their financial implications. Another procedure that audit team should take is they have to reviewing the events after period ends in order to identify those that either mitigate or otherwise effect the Fast Go’s ability to continue as going concern. d) What are mitigating factors that Fast Go should implement in order to continue as going concern? Mitigating factors that Fast Go should implement in order to continue as going concern are, Fast Go should consider whether to sell the assets to pay off debt or dispose of the operations that are losing money. Frequently, Fast Go also may develop plan to reduce wages or cut back the workforce. Besides that, Fast Go also may negotiate with the bank or the creditor in order to restructure back the debt or seek for additional financing. Furthermore, they also can reduce the non- added value activities that incurred in their company that makes the bare high cost rather than get high profit. ) What are the responsibilities of the audit team with regard to Fast Go ability to continue as a going concern? Responsibilities of the audit team in order Fast Go to continue as a going concern are, the audit team should be consider the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern assumption in the preparation of financial reporting. Furthermore, the audit team also must consider the ability of the Fast Go to continue the business and they need to be disclosed in the financial reporting. f) What types of audit report will you issue for Fast Go. Types of audit report that will be issue for Fast Go is unmodified audit report which have to prepare by the management on the going basis after considering all the mitigating factors that arise. Case Study 4 i) Explain the factors that contribute to the success of Mazlan’s fraudulent scheme. You may explain from the perspective of fraud diamond. Based on the fraud diamond, the factors that contribute to the success of Mazlan’s fraudulent scheme are: a) An incentive – It is an incentive for Mazlan to commit fraud when he need to bear the limit credit card and he was on the verge of declaring bankruptcy. Because of this he decided to â€Å"borrow† money from IOPSB. b) Rationalization – Mazlan think what he did is rational because he will try to keep track of the money so he could pay it back later to the company. c) Opportunity- Mazlan has an opportunity to commit fraud when Zairi, the Chief Executive Officer did not play his duty as an officer. He just signed whatever cheques without check the payment is made for whom. d) Capability- Mazlan was also capable to commit fraud because he is Account Executive in that company. So that, it easier for Mazlan to â€Å"borrow† the money from IOPSB. ii) Based on what Mazlan told you about his fraudulent scheme, describe the suggestions would you make to Salim. Suggestion that would be making to Salim are, Salim must discuss with the all management team in IOPSB about what happened. He must tell all staff about it. And in order to recover back the loss, he must ask the audit team and appoint another Account Executive to reconcile back all the account. Furthermore, he must take an action towards Salim because of his fraudulent. Besides, Salim also need no be more aware about this matter and make a segregation of duties among staff. , make sure that all of them carry their own job and responsibilities in accordance with their job description. iii) Explain the situation that had violated the MIA’s By Laws. Under Section 10 (a) of Accountants Act 1967, every member is to observe the standard of professional conduct and refrain from unprofessional conduct that include any act that discredit to himself, other members, and Institute or the accounting profession. Situation that had violated the MIA’s By Laws are: a) Intergrity- Mazlan had violated the MIA’s By Laws which falls under integrity. Integrity means adherence to moral and ethical principles, soundness of moral character or simply honesty. Base on this case, Mazlan had not carry his duty in moral and honesty way or manner when he commit fraud by make a cheque for his own interest. b) Self interest threats- Self interest threat arise from ownership of financial interest. It happened when a firm or members could benefit from financial interest in the assurance company. In this case, Mazlan had violated By Laws when he use all the money from the IOPSB for his own interest. It happened when he need to pay his credit card which reached the limit that may bring him to bankruptcy. c) Due Care- Due Care means the member is responsible for fulfilling his or her duties diligently and carefully. In this matter, Zairi had violate to carry on his professional in due care when he did not check the cheque that get befor he signed and approve it. v) Explain the role of external auditors in contributing to good corporate governance. The role of external auditors in contributing to good corporate governance are,: a) Give unbiased opinion on the financial statement prepared by the management. b) Evaluates whether audit evidence raises doubt about the ability of the client to continue as a going concern in the foreseeable future. c) Auditor must collects evidence to ob tain reasonable assurance that the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements are free of material misstatement. CASE STUDY 5

The Simpsons free essay sample

Examines TV cartoon shows origins, popularity, predecessors successors in animation. Looks at the shows social effects. (more)

why men rape essays

why men rape essays A Look at How Cultural Deviance Correlates to Men Raping Women The crime of forcing another person to submit to sex acts is known as rape. Throughout history many occurrences of rape have occurred usually with men raping women. Why do men rape women? A look at a convicted rapists personal background may lead us to believe cultural deviance has an effect on men and their perception of women. Raising a child in a delinquent environment may result in the nurture of a rapist. On the other hand, psychological disturbance is a claim many rapists use for their reason of assault. Many convicted rapists may think their maltreatment was due to a psychological disorder, but in reality was perpetuated directly from an environment that produces juvenile delinquents. I support the idea that a juvenile growing up in a culturally deviant area will be subjected to criminal lifestyles, and could learn deviant practices, patterns of behavior, and norms. Being raised in such environment will lead one to participate in aggressive sexual acts such as rape. The social conditions that make up these areas are physical deteriation, economic segregation, racial and ethnic segregation; a high incidence of social ills, such as infant mortality, mental illness, unemployment, divorce and desertion; and a high rate of dropping out of school. (Frese et al., 2004) Furthermore, people raised in these environments dont generally deny societal norms; instead use various techniques of neutralization that serve to justify norm violations under certain conditions. (Bohner et al., ,1998) Three thinking behaviors, or techniques, that the cultural deviant population tends to follow after raping are: denial of the victim (e.g. they deserved it), denial of injury (e.g. nobod y was really hurt), and denial of responsibility (e.g. I was provoked, I couldnt control myself) (Bohner et al. 1998). Though these thinking beh ...

Assisted Suicide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assisted Suicide - Essay Example Kevin is in the hospital suffering from mouth cancer and has been told by many doctors that he will not survive for many days. He is suffering from extreme pain which is unbearable without medications. He urges his family members to help him get relieved of the pain. Moreover it is also learned that his cancer is untreatable and he would die soon or late even if the medications are continued. It is in this situation that the possibility of assisted suicide is taken into consideration by the family members and John. Now it is for them to decide as to if to carry out the process or not. John wants the process to go ahead so that he can die easily. In my belief this situation can only be handled by assisted suicide so that his pain can be relieved. In my belief assisted suicide should be made legal for those people who are mentally sound to make decisions. It is the last moments of life which put people in a terrible condition that they are forced to take decisions which would take thei r life. In these conditions it should be analyzed as to if these individuals have a normal state of mind or not. As time passes by it is seen that individual rights have been understood and in my belief it is the right of an individual to decide as to if he has to choose between death and life. It is entirely the decision of the person involved because he feels all the pain and agony. When a person cannot bear this pain he can opt for assisted suicide in my belief. Assisted suicide is the best option for these kinds of patients because they can help in other ways too. The hospital in which these patients are admitted may be on life support for many days before dying naturally. It is better to put them through this phase of life as it would make way for other patients in better conditions to get the quality care. Hence the resources would not be wasted if assisted suicide is opted for in these situations (Quaghebeur et al 2009). However on the other hand I also argue that the patient s who do not have a normal state of mind should not be allowed to undergo this process. The state of mind of the patients can be checked by seeing if the person responds to other things normally too. The critics of Euthanasia have other concerns as they believe that following this practice may divert the professionals from their original line of work. The doctors and physicians were supposedly the ones who saved the lives of people and provided them the hope of living their lives and providing them with the best possible forms of treatment. Their function is not to kill them out of mercy. So if a doctor or physician carries out such a practice then he is disobeying the rules set out for him in this field (Mengal et al 2002). I agree with Wolf’s view after she is considering her views on assisted suicide. She saw her own father’s death and realized the suffering of death. She is right in considering about her opinions on assisted suicide. However if the other point of v iew regarding assisted suicide is taken into consideration it can be concluded that Susan Wolf is wrong in her plea. In many cases it is seen that people after suffering from immense agony and pain do recover. This can be the case for many people and assisted suicide should be discouraged if this view is kept in mind. On the other hand considering the views about civil liberties one can conclude that assisted suicide should be made legal and everyone should be allowed to seek the option if they want to. Susan Wolf has the right to consider her views about assisted suicide as

Why did political parties form in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why did political parties form in the US - Essay Example As Hamilton once said, â€Å"Its not tyranny we desire; its a just, limited, federal government.† The idea had support, but also had a lot of opposition. Many Americans felt that the creation of federal parties would make the U.S. like the U.K. which the hated. It is part of a question that has troubled billions of people since the dawn of time: how should a society construct itself to maximize justice and opportunity? Is a strong central government necessary to do so? There are as many theories as there are grains of sand on the beach, but some ideas over the years have been more popular than others. Some people believe in socialism and that everyone must be made equal by a very powerful central government, the tall cut down and the short pulled up; others believe in a meritocracy where those people who have talent and work hard are rewarded for their labours. These people believe the government should get out of the way. Considering how developed the U.S. is today, the latte r view should prevail. Thomas Hobbes is most famous for his book Leviathan. In it he argued that a â€Å"war of all against all† existed in nature and that people were mostly motivated by fear and distrust and that peoples’ motivations all conflicted with each other. The only way for order to prevail, Hobbes argued, would be through an absolute sovereign or strong central government. While there is certainly some truth to what Hobbes says regarding human beings, other political thinkers have questioned elements of his vision. Indeed there are several flaws in this theory, but it shows us that it is not possible for people to effectively work as a commune. That does not mean we need a dictator to control things, but it does mean we need a strong rule of law to protect individual freedoms. The rule of law is effectively the latter-day sovereign. It serves the same purpose: it protects contracts and business and

Risk Management When Working At Height

Risk Management When Working At Height The Regulations apply to all work at height where there is a risk of a fall liable to cause personal injury. They place duties on employers, the self-employed, and any person who controls the work of others. These regulations have been made to prevent the Deaths and Injuries caused each year by falls at work. They also REPLACE all the earlier regulations about working at height and implement European Council Directive 2001/45/EC concerning safety and health for use of equipment for work at height (the Temporary Work at Height Directive). The objective of this paper is to identify relevant local laws related to working at height and examined the shortcoming from the laws. In Malaysia, the practice of safety including at construction sites is regulated by two main Acts. The Factories and Machinery (FMA) Act, 1967 is widely use by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) to make sure the safety, health and welfare at workplace. One of the regulations under the act, Buildi ng Operation of Work Engineering and Construction (BOWEC) is created specially to focus on the activities at construction industries. The are the legal requirements regulated by the government in related to working at height such as Regulation 12,Regulation 15, Regulation 39,Regulation 40,Regulation 41,and Regulation 42 using in this paper. To solve these problems, we need an improvement strategy that an employer must do everything reasonably possible to prevent anyone from falling, hazards situation, and carry out a risk assessment before working at height and take precautions where a person can fall a distance of more than 2m. If there is an increased risk of injury when falling a distance of less than 2m. The whole construction process should be planned to minimise the risk of falls. Planning work to minimise the need to work at height, and adding safety using guard rails, catch netting and barriers can reduce the risk. The results, construction professionals and the workers must be concerned with the construction process where the both professional and legal duties to take care, not only of their own health and safety at work, but the health and safety of others who might be put at risk by their acts and omissions. Keywords: Regulations, Working At Height, Construction Industries, Risks Introduction Over the years scenario of construction industry becomes more challenging. Accidents happen at construction site are always at everywhere especially in high rise construction. To date, people especially safety players in construction will find the best method in combating such accidents from happen. Working at height is defined as working at a place from which a person could be injured by falling from it, regardless of whether it is above, at or below ground level. Working at height describes work undertaken off the ground. Commonly, it involves the use of scaffolds, ladders, hoists, gantries or general roof work. Working at height can result in debris falling on workers or even workers falling from heights. Problem Statement Construction industry has been identifying by DOSH as among the highest activity contributed to the accident at workplace. Among the most hazardous activities at the building construction site is working at the building construction site working at height. Statistics indicate that almost one in three accidents involving working at height is fatal. Table 1.1 shows the statistic of fatality at construction site reported to DOSH from 1999 to 2004. Table 1.1: Fatality at Construction Sites in Malaysia Source: Department of Occupational Safety and Health Most accidents occur as a result of poor management control, which includes such failures as: Not recognising that a problem exists before it results in an accident Not designing and enforcing safe systems of work Not providing adequate information, instruction or training Poor supervision Not providing appropriate equipment or not using the right equipment for the job Objective The objective of this paper is to identify relevant local laws related to working at height and examined the shortcoming from the laws. Project Strategy` Identify the local laws related to working at height. Identify the shortcoming Background Work at Height Regulations state that all employers have a duty of care to ensure that work at height is properly planned, appropriately supervised and carried out in a safe manner Local Law In Malaysia, the practice of safety including at construction sites is regulated by two main Acts. The Factories and Machinery (FMA) Act, 1967 is widely use by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) to make sure the safety, health and welfare at workplace. One of the regulations under the act, Building Operation of Work Engineering and Construction (BOWEC) is created specially to focus on the activities at construction industries. The act clearly emphasized on the safety and health at different elements of construction such as machineries, working and load platform, scaffolding, floor opening, and electrical safety. Indeed FMA only enforceable to factories and machinery in which it is considered as prescriptive, rigid and too dependant to government enforcement that make it ineffective in controlling the issues of occupational safety and health at workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA 1994) has been enacted in 1994 as a reinforcement to the FMA. The objectives of the act are to secure the safety health and welfare of worker, to protect person at workplace against of hazard, to promote the occupational environment adaptable to the persons physiological and psychological needs and to provide the means towards a legislative system based on regulations and industry codes of practice in combination with the provisions of the act. The philosophy of the act is the responsibilities to ensure safety and health at the workplace lies with those who create the risk and with those who work with the risk. In respect to the above philosophy, construction industries are expected to comply with the provision of the act such as general duty of employer and employee, the requirement of safety officer regulation, the requirements of safety and health committee and responsibilities of reporting of accident an dangerous occurrences. The followings are the legal requirements regulated by the government in related to working at height. Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health Welfare) Regulation 1970 Regulation 12 Working at a height Where any person is required to work at a place from which he will be liable to fall a distance of more then 10 feet, means shall be provided to ensure his safety and such means shall where practicable include the use of safety belts or ropes. Any person, who commits an offence against these regulations, shall on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit. Factories and Machinery (Building Operations and Works Of Engineering Construction) (Safety) Regulations, 1986 Part V Cleaning, Repairing and Maintenance of Roofs, Gutters, Windows, Louvers and Ventilators Regulation 39 Duties of employers Every employer shall provide and require his employee to use while engaged in the cleaning, repairing and maintenance of roof, gutters, windows, louvers and ventilators. All means of access to roofs, gutters, windows, louvers, ventilators and other fixtures, parts or equipment which require periodical cleaning or maintenance shall be maintained in good and safe order and condition. Regulation 40 Work on steep roofs Where work is being performed on roofs having a slope greater than one in four, there shall be provided protection against sliding, consisting of roofing brackets or crawling boards. The provision of sub-regulation (1) shall not apply where every employee engaged in work upon such roofs is protected by a safety belt. Regulation 41 Construction and installation of roofing brackets Roofing brackets shall be constructed to fit the pitch of the roof and when in use shall provide a level working platform. Roofing bracket shall be secured in place by nailing pointed metal projection attached to the underside of the bracket and securely driven into the roof or by secure rope passes over the ridge pole and tied. Regulation 42 Crawling boards Crawling board shall not be less than 250 millimetres wide and 25 millimetres thick and shall have cleats at least 38 millimetres wide, spaced at equal intervals not more than 310 millimetres apart across the full width of the board and firmly nailed. Such boards shall extend from the ridge pole to the eaves when used in connection with roof construction, repair or maintenance. Any person, who commits an offence against these regulations, shall on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 Section 15 General duties of employers and self-employed person to their employees of Occupational Safety and Health Acct 1994 clearly stated the employer responsibilities as follow:- It shall be the duty of every employer and every self-employed person to ensure, so far as is practicable, the safety, health and welfare at work of all his employees. Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), the matters to which the duty extends include in particular :- The provision and maintenance of plant and system of work that are, as far as is practicable, safe and without risks to health. The making of arrangements for ensuring, so far as is practicable, safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the use or operation, handling, storage and transport of plant and substances; The provision of such information, instruction, training and supervision as is necessary to ensure, so far as is practicable, the safety and health at work of his employees; So far as is practicable, as regards any place of work under the control of the employer or self-employed person, the maintenance of it in a condition that is safe and without risks to health and the provision and maintenance of the means of access to and egress from it that are safe and without such risks. The provision and maintenance of a working environment for his employees that is, so far as is practicable, safe, without risks to health, and adequate as regards facilities for heir welfare at work. Failure to comply with the above requirements, employer shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Research Shortcomings The awareness of safety at workplace in Malaysia has emerged since 1967 with the introduction of the FMA. The regulation of BOWEC under FMA came into force on 1986 with the aims to control the safety at construction sites. OSHA enacted in 1994 with the same purpose to strengthen the control of safety health and welfare at workplace. In 2001, DOSH began to implement occupational safety and health inspection at construction site (Building Construction Safety Audit) for every four month in order to ensure the OSH elements are in place, adequate and effective in protecting the safety and health of workers subsequently preventing incidents. Unfortunately accidents and fatalities rates at construction sites still high. In Malaysia, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) chairman Tan Sri Lee Lam They said the country recorded 6.7 accidents per 1,000 workers in 2005 while the average in developed nations stood at only three to four accidents per 1,000 workers. A construction site normally considered as a dangerous place. A large number of people die in them every year. Many site injuries result from people falling from structures like roofs and scaffolds, or being hit by falling objects. There is nearly always keen competition for new contracts and site personnel are often under pressure to work to tight time and cost constraints. It is hardly surprising that safety is often neglected. Improvement Strategy An employers duties An employer must do everything reasonably possible to prevent anyone from falling. This includes: avoiding all work at height wherever possible Use suitable equipment to aid work at height is there is no other method of carrying out the work from a place which is not at height. Do everything possible to minimise the height at which the person may fall from and minimise the consequences should someone fall. This means that: All work at height is properly planned and organised All work at height takes into consideration weather conditions which may adversely affect the work in progress. Employees who are involved are trained and competent The environment where the work is carried out is safe Equipment use to aid work at height is regularly inspected and is suitable for use The risks from fragile surfaces are properly controlled Risks from falling objects are properly controlled Hazards Falls from heights are a regular cause of fatal and serious injuries. There are three main hazards associated with work at heights: Falls. Falling objects. Falls from collapsing structures. Risk Assessment Carry out a risk assessment before working at height to find out what health and safety measures need to be adopted to avoid or reduce risk. Work should be done at a safe level to minimize risk. If this is not possible, consider the following: The physical condition of the people involved e.g. age, fitness, pregnancy, vertigo, etc; The activity; Equipment to be used; Location, e.g. near or over water, roads, under power lines, over raked stage, etc; The environment, e.g. weather, temperature, lighting; Duration of the work; Condition and stability of the work surfaces. Precautionary Measures Falls Precautions must be taken where a person can fall a distance of more than 2m. If there is an increased risk of injury when falling a distance of less than 2m, e.g. working near a traffic route or above a dangerous surface, suitable precautions will also be required. There are many ways of preventing falls of people: Edge protection, e.g. toe boards, guard rails; Safety harnesses; Maintaining a safe distance from an edge; Safety nets. Falling objects To prevent objects falling onto people you need a proper management system which: Provides barriers, e.g. a toe boards or mesh guards to prevent items from slipping or being knocked off the edge of a structure; Secures objects to the structure, e.g. lashing of scaffold boards; Ensures that there are no loose objects and that any tools are properly secured; Creates an exclusion zone, where necessary, beneath areas where work is taking place. In addition, when people are working at heights above other work areas, it is advisable to provide safety helmets to protect the workers below against falling objects. Danger areas can be clearly marked with suitable safety signs indicating that access is restricted to essential personnel wearing hard hats while this work is in progress. Falls from collapsing structures Structures need to be designed to be safe and to be built by competent people. The skills, knowledge and experience of the designer will depend upon the nature of the structure concerned and the use or uses to which it is put. A competent person should inspect and attach a notice to a structure after completion and before it is put into use. Further inspections on a regular basis (at least weekly) and after severe weather (external structures) or if the structure is significantly altered, will also be needed. Conclusion The working at height is part of important work in construction sector. Meanwhile, construction sector is an important part of the economy in most countries, yet is generally considered to be dangerous, dirty, hard and unreliable. In spite of the low attention often given to construction sites injuries in many countries, the statistics continue to be alarming. Construction workers are two to three times more likely to die on the job than workers in other industries while the risk of serious injury is almost three times higher. The construction professionals and the workers concerned with the construction process have both professional and legal duties to take care, not only of their own health and safety at work, but the health and safety of others who might be put at risk by their acts and omissions.

consumer behavior Essay -- essays research papers

Conceptualizing Involvement The plethora of consumer behavior and social psychological literature on involvement suggests considerable interest in this construct. There has not, however, been a common conceptual or methodological framework to its examination in either literature (Laaksonen, 1994; Jain and Srinivasen, 1990; Rothschild, 1984; Zaichkowsky, 1985; Traylor and Joseph, 1984). Three main perspectives of involvement are evident in extant literature; product-centered, subject-centered and response centered orientations (Finn, 1983). The product-centered perspective defines involvement as the perceived importance of the product to the consumer, i.e. whether the product is trivial and, therefore, unimportant, or serious and thus important. The subject-centered view maintains that consumers differ in terms of involvement-type variables. Three sub-groupings of subject-centered definitions have been postulated. They include interest/importance, relevancy (goals/consequences) and commitment (ego involvement). In this perspective, involvement has been defined as either the level of interest the consumer has in a product category or how important it is to her; the level a consumer is involved with a product in so far as it is related to some achievable end or concerns information that will directly impact on them; and, the level of commitment the consumer exhibits with respect to her position on an issue (Greenwald and Leavitt, 1984; Rothschild, 1984; Simon, 1967). The final alternative perspective views involvement as response-centered. This view holds that involvement is the active participation in information processing (Engel and Blackwell, 1982; Bettman, 1979). Despite the many and varied definitions of consumer involvement that have emerged in the literature, two common ideas emerge: first, involvement is a multi-dimensional construct (McQuarrie and Munson, 1986; Laurent and Kapferer, 1985), and, second, it is a motivational force which can help explain various behavioral outcomes, (for example, number and type of choice criteria, extensiveness of information search, length of decision-making process, variety seeking, and brand switching). The multi-dimensional aspect of involvement has been demonstrated by various researchers who suggest that the dimensions include: normative involvement - the importance of product class to values, emotions, and ... ...rable groups to take control of their reproductive health. To improve public health, social marketing focuses on changing prevailing attitudes and behaviors at all levels. In order to do this, people must believe that they are at risk. They must feel confident they have the power to change their own behavior, and new behavior must be compatible with prevailing cultural norms. In addition, health providers and retailers must often be convinced that the products and services being promoted are needed, safe and socially acceptable. Increased health impact. Social marketing is considered one of the most effective types of public health interventions because it offers measurable results. The ultimate goal of social marketing is social impact. In the area of public health, this translates into reduced risky or unhealthy behaviors that can in turn have an impact on the spread of diseases, chronic malnutrition or uncontrolled birth rates. Social marketing impact is often measured in terms of CYP (contraceptive years of protection), reduced prevalence of diseases such as sexually transmitted infections, malaria and food-borne diarrhea, or increased number of patients at network clinics.

Do humans have the obligation to help others?

It can also be a response to those who are in need or just a moral issue that we as humans try to make whenever we can. One of the reasons is that we help others because we can not bear to see a person in terrible condition, having a hard time, being physically or psychologically abused, do nothing.These and other everyday situations that come our hearts lead us to help those in need, makes us care for others, something that shows us that not everything in the world is money, fame and selfishness, is also love, mercy , generosity and courage †¦Being kind to someone who needs help is a basic human necessity. If someone needs help, for whatever reason, it is up to other individuals to intercede and help. Morally obligated may be a stretch, but when someone needs help there shouldn't be second thoughts about what to do. Whether someone needs a door held open or someone is drowning, helps should always be on the way.Most of the time, helping someone is a feeling that comes from the bottom of your heart, a feeling that is generally stronger when the person who needs help is a friend or relative, by matters of the heart. However, we will always see people totally unknown in distress, asking for help, and that's when this feeling†¦ with some justice, courage and other feelings or values that I can not think right now, come together to make the decision to help a person sometimes regardless of the situation or circumstances †¦Help when you can†¦ Humans we ´ll never live independently from a society. At some point, anyone depend on another human being for help. We do not know exactly when we need help, or who help us. Therefore, it is better to help a needy person, because maybe in the future you need it, otherwise it would be a little unfair to get help all the time and then ignore the problems of others, just because you do not care what happens to them as they do not  affect you, help others to help yourself†¦

Story of Henri Charrière, Author of Papillon

Henri Charrià ¨re (1906 –  1973) was a French petty criminal who was incarcerated  for murder in a penal colony in French Guiana. He famously escaped the brutal prison by building a raft, and in 1970 he published the book Papillon, detailing his experiences as a prisoner. Although Charrià ¨re claimed the book was autobiographical, it is believed that many of the experiences he described were in fact those of other inmates, and so Papillon is considered a work of fiction. Key Takeaways: Henri Charrià ¨re Henri Charrià ¨re was a small-time French criminal who was convicted of murder, possibly unjustly, and sentenced to ten year of hard labor in a penal colony.Following his successful escape, Charrià ¨re settled in Venezuela and wrote the famous semi-biographical novel Papillon, detailing (and embellishing) his time in prison.After the books publication, controversy arose around whether Charrià ¨re had attributed events involving other inmates to himself. Arrest and Incarceration Charrià ¨re, who was orphaned at the age of ten, enlisted in the French Navy as a teenager and served two years. Upon returning home to Paris, he immersed himself in the French criminal underworld and soon made a career for himself as a petty thief and safecracker. By some accounts, he may have made money as a pimp as well. In 1932, a low-level gangster from Montmartre named Roland Legrand–some reports list his surname as Lepetit–was killed, and Charrià ¨re was arrested for his murder. Although Charrià ¨re maintained his innocence, he was nevertheless convicted of killing Legrand. He was sentenced to ten years of hard labor in the St. Laurent du Maroni penal colony on French Guiana, and was transported there from Caen in 1933.   The conditions at the penal colony were brutal, and Charrià ¨re struck up a tenuous friendship with two of his fellow inmates, Joanes Clousiot and Andre Maturette. In November 1933, the three men escaped from St. Laurent in a small, open boat. After sailing nearly two thousand miles over the next  five weeks, they were shipwrecked near a Colombian village. They were recaptured, but Charrià ¨re managed to slip away once more, evading his guards in a storm.   In his semi-biographical novel published later, Charrià ¨re claimed that he made his way to the Guajira Peninsula in Northern Colombia, and then spent several months living with a local indigenous tribe in the jungle. Eventually, Charrià ¨re decided it was time to leave, but once he came out of the jungle he was recaptured almost immediately, and was sentenced to two years in solitary confinement. Escape and Literary Success Over the course of the next 11 years in which Charrià ¨re was imprisoned, he made numerous escape attempts; it is believed that he tried as many as eight times to escape prison. He later said that he was sent to Devil’s Island, a prison camp known both for being completely inescapable and for having a prisoner death rate of an astonishing 25%.   In 1944, Charrià ¨re made his final attempt, escaping on a raft, and landing on the coast of Guyana. Imprisoned there for a year, he was ultimately released and granted citizenship, and eventually he made his way to Venezuela. Burton Lindheim of The New York Times wrote in 1973, â€Å"[Charrià ¨re] tried to escape seven times and succeeded on his eighth attempt—a paddle over a shark†filled sea on a raft of dried coconuts. He found refuge in Venezuela, worked as a gold digger, oil prospector and pearl merchant and did other odd jobs before settling down in Caracas, marrying, opening a restaurant and becoming a prosperous Venezuelan citizen.† In 1969, he published Papillon, which became hugely successful. The books title comes from the tattoo that Charrià ¨re had on his chest; papillon is the French word for butterfly. In 1970, the French government pardoned Charrià ¨re for Legrands murder, and Renà © Pleven, the French Minister of Justice, removed restrictions on Charrià ¨res return to Paris to promote the book. Charrià ¨re died of throat cancer in 1973, the same year that a film adaptation of his story was released. The film starred Steve McQueen as the title character and Dustin Hoffman as a forger named Louis Dega. A 2018 version features Rami Malek as Dega and stars Charlie Hunnam as Charrià ¨re. Later Controversy Georges Mà ©nager’s  Les Quatre Và ©rità ©s de Papillon  (â€Å"The Four Truths of Papillon†) and Gà ©rard de Villiers’  Papillon à ©pinglà ©Ã‚  (â€Å"Butterfly Pinned†) both went into depth about inconsistencies in Charrià ¨re’s tale. For instance, Charrià ¨re claimed he rescued a guard’s daughter from a shark attack, but the child was in fact saved by another inmate who lost both of his legs and died as a result of the incident. He also claimed that he was imprisoned on Devil’s Island, but French penal colony records do not indicate that Charrià ¨re was ever sent to this particular prison. In 2005, Charles Brunier, who was 104 years old, said that it was his story that Charrià ¨re told in Papillon. Brunier, who was imprisoned at the same penal colony as Charrià ¨re during the same time period, told a French newspaper that he inspired Charrià ¨re to write the book. Brunier even had a tattoo of a butterfly.